Combination tool holder



May 1, 1928. 1,667,801

C. E. HAWKES ET AL COMBINATION TOOL HOLDER Filed April 21. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 1, 1928. 1,667,801

c. E. HAWKES ET AL COMBINATION TOOL HOLDER Filed April 21. 1926 2 SheetsSheet 2 a a IEEVENTORS W QJCW 47 4:5 Chg- 4:6 9. 48 i 49 49 Patented May 1, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLIFFORD E. HAWKES, OF BROOKLYN, AND ANKER CHRISTENSEN, 01' NEW YORK, N. Y. i

COMBINATION TOOL HOLDER.

Application filed April 21, 1926. Serial No. 103,638.

This invention relates to cutters and holdere as used in. connection with machine tools in which work parts are caused to rotate as in lathes or reciprocate as in machines of: the planer type.

Such cutting tools, forged from tool steel bars, are well known to be so wasteful in construction, tedious to grind and maintain in proper shape, fail in temper or suitable degree of hardness and have so many other causes for dissatisfaction that their use is becoming superseded by tools of more modern character.

The provision of such improved tool holder is therefore the principal object of the present invention.

A further feature is to provide a holder in which may be engaged any of a plurality of reversible bits or cutters, diverse in shape to appropriately suit the work to be done and selectively secured in a firin and rigid manner.

Another aim is to produce a novel and eflicient fastening means by which the cutters are held substantially as rigid as if they were a unitary part of the holder,- enabling their use wherever a solid tool could be employed.

These and analogous features are accomplished by the novel and practical design, construction and combination of parts hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawings, forming a material part of this disclosure, and in which Figure 1 is a side elcvational view of one type of an improved tool holder, the shank being partially omitted and a cutter shown in operative relation. t

Figure 2- is a top plan view ofthe same, an offset shank being indicated in broken lines.

Figure 3 is a similar side view of the same, broken away to show the construction.' I

Figure 4 is a view like Figure 3 but showing a modified form of cutter locking device.

Figure 5 is an end View of a cutter, reversible to operate either right or left handed.

Figure 6 is a front clcvational View of the same.

Figure 7 is a rear elevational view thereof.

Figure 8 is an end view of a cutter presenting a straight cutting edge at one side and a curved cutting edge at the other,re-

vcrsible at will, a front elevational View be ing shown therebelow.

Figure 9 is an end view of a finishing cutter, the view below showing gradually converging sides to provide 'clearanceQ Figure 10 is a similar view of a parting cutter with 't'ront view underneath, showing its reduced thickness at the back and bottom. Figures 11 to 14 inclusive show profile or outline views respectively or reversible finishing. 70 diamond point, right and left roughing and narrow roughing andv angle threading cutters.

Figure 15'is a plan view of a boring bar holder interchangeable with the cutters in the holder.

. Figure 16 is a similar view of a threading cutter.

In common with 'lorged tools and other tool holders the shank 20 of the present holder is anoblong rectangle incross sec- 60 angle tion, the larger dimension being disposedin position to receive the strain of the cutting action within a tool block of ordinary character. i

The shank integral with a head 21 expanded substantially equal at each side and extended downwardly at its :tront portion as indicated; the head being straight or at an angle with the shank as preferred.

A recess 22 is formed centrally in the head, open at the front andextending rearwardly to about the junction with the shank, and a narrow slot 23 reaches into the shank a short distance.

The front of the head is cut transversely across the top as at 24 and inclined at an angle rearwardly its full height asat 25, the corners being bevelled as shown.

Adjacent and parallel with the front surface of the head is the recess 22, which is of considerable width with straight parallel walls; the recess is enlarged to present equal, opposed ninety degree openings 26 extending from top to bottom of the holder head;

A pair oi clamp bolts 27 and 28 respectively upper through the head, the latter bolt being disposed in the bottom projection of the holder.

In the form shown inFigui-es 1, 2 and 3 a flat lever 29 is shown pivoted on the lower bolt .28, this" lever being freely movable in and lower, pass squarely the recess 22 by pressure applied to its upwardly extending handle portion 30; the main portion tilting the recess snugly to he clamped rigid hetwcen its walls when the holts are tightened.

The front edge of the lever is designed to extend hetween the holts and is provided with serrations 32. prel'erahly of (NI degree angle formation.

The holder shown in Figure l is ol' like cruistruction hut in place (it a pivoted eulter grip, has a slide hlock 3:3 its lower edge riding on the lower bolt 23 as it moves in the rci' ess Q2.

The rear portion 36 of the block is slightly thicker. the sides being very slightly tapered towards the front to permit the teeth to engage with the teeth 4-7 of he cutting too]. even it the clamp jaws 2i and Qt were closed somewhat out of parallelism and er:- tending to the rear edge ot' the lilocl; i a lug 3T engaged in a drilled opening 38 passing through the slot 3 and slightly into the shank. A coiled compression spring 3.) is contained in the opening to press the block normally towards the front.

A lever 40 is fulcrumed on the upper bolt 27 to extend into a position conveniently reached in operation and on the lever is an angular tooth all engaging in :1 corresponding notch in the upper edge of the hlock whereby it may be moved within the recess when the holts are slackened. thus permitting advance or retraction of the teeth 42 in its forward edge.

Figures 5 and 10 to 13 show some of the more common cross sectional views of metal cutters, in all of which an integral straight rectangular bar 45 forms the rear portion.

The opposed angular lateral edges 4:6 are adapted to closely fit within the tool holder head opening 26 so as to he gripped therehy when the clamp bolts are tightened.

The. rear edge ot the har is flattened and has formed throughout its entire length a plurality of transverse serrations 4-7 eoniorming and complementary to the teetl 32 or 42.

To release a cutter from the holder indicated in Figures 1 to 3. the hfill's are slackened and the lever 30 moved rearwardly to cause disengagement ot the teeth. whereupon the cutter may he raised. lowered or removed at will; similarly in the devi e illustrated in Figure 4. the lever 40 is moved towards the front. causing the hlock to slide rearwardly to release the teeth. I

It is to be noted that the thrust of the cutters is taken mainly hy the teeth and not dependent on the clamping client of the bolts. which serve to lock the levers and block in adjustment. thus allowing the cutters to be easily adjusted.

Cutters may be used of any length compatible with the tool support of the machine and may be economicall produced by rolling into har form. or by drop forging; those requiring a finished surface or for making a definite formed out being milled lenglhwise to shape.

It is to he seen that the height of the cutters is easily and quickly :uljustahle, relative to the holder. to hring the point or shearing edge to tl axial plane of workpart rotation: it will also he apparent that the tool holder permits heing supported close to its front end, due to its shape. preventing any material overhang and providing an adequate support tor the cutter.

Certain of the cutters. as shown in Fig ures 5 to 8, are formed with a rake, that is to say the cutting portions 48 are disposed at an inclination to the square har portions 45, to provide clearance in operation. and others as in Figures 9 and 10 have their cutting portions 49 slightly reduced in width towards their lower ends, which of course prevents using the same in a reversed position. pos ihle to he done with most of the other cutters.

In order to con'iplete the cutter holder possibilities of the implement. the device shown in Figure 15 may he utilized. the same consisting of a body 48 hored transversely at its upper end to receive a boring har 4-9 secured in any preferred manner. as hy the screws 50 shown, and in order to secure exceptional rigidity an arm 51 may extend integrally rearward. the same clearing the holder head side 21, against which may impinge the point ot av screw 52. acting to transmit a portion of the strain received by the cutter carrying horing bar 49 directly to the tool holder.

It will he understood that other expedients and variations may he resorted to for although we have deserihed our improven'ients with eonsiderahle detail and with respect to certain particular forms of our invention. it is not desired to he limited to such details since many changes and modifications may well he made without departing from the spirit and scope of our invention in its broadest aspect.

ll'aving thus described our invention, what we'elaim as new and desire to secure hy Leb ters Patent, is

l. A tool holder comprising a shank having a widened head notched at its forward corner and having a part extending below the plane of the shank. said head containing an inclined socket of opposed angular formation open at the front. and recessed at the rear. a cutter having a part slidable in said socket. teeth on the rear edge as said cutter, a. toothed element movahle in the recess at the rear of said socket to engage and disengage the cutter teeth, said element having a partextending upwardly through the recess for manual operation, means for supporting said element, and means comhined with the supporting means for clamping the element in adjusted position.

2. A tool holder comprising a shank having an enlarged head containing a socket at the front and a parallel walled recess extending centrally therethrough, a cutter engageable in said socket, said cutter being serrated on its rear edge, upper and lower bolts passing transversely through said head and recess, a lever pivoted on the lower bolt to operate between the walls of the recess, a part of said lever extending; upwards through the recess facilitating operation, and serrations on the front of said lever en gageable with the serrations on said cutter,

said bolts when tightened clamping said lever in the recess and said cutter in the socket simultaneously.

A tool holder c-oi'nprising a shank having an enlarged head containing an open angularsocket adjacent the front and an open recess at the rear, a. cutter having a part engageable in the socket, transverse serrations on the innermost edge of said cutter, a pair of clamp bolts passing; through said head, a lever pivoted in the recess on one of said bolts, said lever being reduced in thickness from rear to front and having a handle extending above the plane of said shank, teeth on the forward edge of said lever engageable with the serrations of said cutter, and means for clamping said lever and cutter simultaneously.

t. A toolholder comprising a. shank having an enlarged head inclined rearwardly at the front and containing a central slot open at the top, bottom and front, opposed V-shaped angular recesses in the opposite walls of the s'lot near the front of said head constituting a socket, a cutter having a part slidable in the socket, equilateral teeth disposed transversely across the rear edge of said cutter over the full length thereof, manually operable lever actuated means in the slot movable towards and from the socket, said means nearly filling the slot to act as a spacer, teeth on said means complementary to the teeth on said cutter to engage therewith, and a pair of bolts respect-ively upper and lower to control the slot and clamp the cutter therein, one of said bolts acting as a pivotal support for said lever means In testimony whereof we have aflixed our signatures.

CLIFFORD E. HAlVKES. ANKER L. CHRISTENSEN. 

